Prostate-Specific Antigen

also known as PSA

NORMAL_RANGE
< 4 ng/mL
UNIT
ng/mL

/WHAT_IT_IS

PSA is a protein made by the prostate. Elevated PSA can signal benign prostate enlargement, infection, or prostate cancer. Every man on TRT should track PSA regularly.

/NORMAL_RANGE

<4.0 ng/mL is the conventional cutoff. Age-adjusted ranges exist: <2.5 (40s), <3.5 (50s), <4.5 (60s), <6.5 (70s). PSA velocity (rate of change) matters more than absolute value.

What does high PSA mean?

  • +Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
  • +Prostatitis (often dramatic, often reversible).
  • +Recent ejaculation, prostate exam, cycling, or biopsy (transient).
  • +Prostate cancer.
  • +TRT can slightly increase PSA (~0.3–0.5 ng/mL on average).

What does low PSA mean?

  • +5-alpha reductase inhibitors (finasteride, dutasteride) cut PSA roughly in half.
  • +Naturally low for younger men.

/ON_TRT

TRT does NOT cause prostate cancer, but it can fuel the growth of pre-existing cancer. Baseline PSA before starting TRT is mandatory. Recheck at 3 months, 6 months, then annually. A PSA increase >1.4 ng/mL within 12 months, or PSA velocity >0.4 ng/mL/year, warrants urology workup. Avoid ejaculation, prostate exams, and cycling for 48 hours before the draw — false elevations from these are common.

/RELATED

FAQ

/01Does TRT cause prostate cancer?+

No. Decades of evidence show no causal link between TRT and prostate cancer development. However, TRT can accelerate growth of already-present cancer, which is why baseline and regular PSA monitoring is mandatory.

/02How often should I check PSA on TRT?+

Baseline before starting, again at 3 months, then 6 months, then annually. More frequently if PSA is rising rapidly, you're over 50, or have family history of prostate cancer.

/03What PSA on TRT means I need a biopsy?+

A PSA rise >1.4 ng/mL in the first 12 months of TRT, PSA velocity >0.4 ng/mL/year, or an absolute value above age-adjusted thresholds usually triggers urology referral and possible biopsy. Free PSA % and MRI can refine the decision.

/TRACK_THIS

Track PSA in the app.

Upload your lab PDF — MyTRT extracts every marker with Gemini Vision. Charts, trends, and TRT-aware insights. Free on iOS and Android.

Last reviewed: 2026-06-04 · MyTRT does not provide medical advice. Always consult your physician.